This research paper examines the influence of domestic political dynamics on Pakistan’s Africa policy and bilateral
relations with African nations, analysing how internal political factors shape Pakistan’s external engagement with
Africa. Using a combination of primary and secondary data, the study employs qualitative methods, including interviews with policymakers, diplomatic staff, and experts in international relations, complemented by a review of relevant government reports, policy documents, and scholarly articles. The research is framed through the lens of neoclassical realism, which integrates domestic political considerations with traditional realist concerns of national security and power. Findings suggest that Pakistan’s foreign policy toward Africa is heavily influenced by the military establishment, political transitions, and ideological considerations, leading to an inconsistent and fragmented approach to bilateral relations. While economic and defense cooperation has grown, domestic political instability and a lack of strategic focus hinder the full potential of these ties. Policy recommendations focus on enhancing institutional coherence and sustained engagement with Africa